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Ruijie(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 0/0
R1(config-GigabitEthernet 0/0)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-GigabitEthernet 0/0)#exit
R1(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 0/1
R1(config-GigabitEthernet 0/2)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-GigabitEthernet 0/2)#exit
Ruijie(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R2(config-if-FastEthernet 0/0)#ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if-FastEthernet 0/0)#exit
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R2(config)#ip route 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.2.1 //ÉèÖÃÍâÍøµ½·þÎñÆ÷¹«ÍøµØÖ·µÄ·ÓÉ
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R1(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 0/1
R1(config-GigabitEthernet 0/1)#ip nat outside //ÉèÖÃnatµÄÍâÍø¿Ú
R1(config-GigabitEthernet 0/1)#exit
R1(config)#int gigabitEthernet 0/0
R1(config-GigabitEthernet 0/0)#ip nat inside //ÉèÖÃnatµÄÄÚÍø¿Ú
R1(config-GigabitEthernet 0/0)#exit
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R1(config)#ip access-list extended 100
R1(config-ext-nacl)#10 permit ip any host 192.168.10.168 //ÍâÍøµ½·þÎñÆ÷¹«ÍøµØÖ·£¨192.168.10.168£©µÄÁ÷Á¿
R1(config-ext-nacl)#exit
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R1(config)#ip nat pool server 192.168.1.100 192.168.1.101 netmask 255.255.255.0 type rotary //½ç˵ÃûΪserverµÄµØÖ·³Ø£¬µØÖ·³ØÀàÐÍΪrotary£¨Ñ»·£©£¬ÔÚ×öÄ¿µÄnatת»»Ê±£¬Ñ»·×ª»»ÎªÄÚÍø·þÎñÆ÷µÄµØÖ·
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R1(config)#ip nat inside destination list 100 pool server //½«acl 100µÄÁ÷Á¿£¬±¨ÎĵÄÄ¿µÄµØÖ·×ª»»³ÉserverµØÖ·³ØµÄµØÖ·
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R2#telnet 192.168.10.168
Trying 192.168.10.168, 23...
server-1>
R1#show ip nat translations
Pro Inside global Inside local Outside local Outside global
tcp 192.168.10.168:23 192.168.1.100:23 192.168.2.2:1052 192.168.2.2:1052
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R4#telnet 192.168.10.168
Trying 192.168.10.168, 23...
server-2>
R1#show ip nat translations
Pro Inside global Inside local Outside local Outside global
tcp 192.168.10.168:23 192.168.1.101:23 192.168.2.3:1053 192.168.2.3:1053